Food and Drug Administration to create the flap during laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). The femtosecond laser is gaining popularity in the corneal refractive surgery arena, and multiple systems have been approved by the U.S. Four quantitative parameters (root-mean-square deviation, average deviation, skewness, kurtosis) were calculated from the AFM images. As a control, the posterior surface was placed in 2% formalin and imaged with environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anterior portion of the lamellar surface was placed in a balanced salt solution and imaged with AFM. A 12.0 mm trephination was then performed. The cut depths were 200 μm, 300 μm, and 400 μm, with the cut depth maintained for both eyes of each pair. The energy level was 180 nJ for the right eye and 340 nJ for the left eye of each pair. The eyes were placed in a holder, the epithelium was removed, and the eyes were cut with a Visumax femtosecond laser. The eyes were reinflated to normal pressures by injecting a balanced salt solution into the vitreous cavity. The cornea was thinned to physiologic levels by placing the globe, cornea side down, in 25% dextran for 24 hours. Experiments were performed on 3 pairs of human cadaver eyes.
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